Participle Clauses

                                           (Přechodníky)


I.         Simultaneous actions


Original: Bob walked through the park and talked on his cellphone.


PC: Walking through the park, Bob talked on …..


II.      Explaining the reason for something


Original: Bob was dead tired, so he worked slowly.


PC: (Being) dead tired, Bob worked slowly.


Original:  Bob did not know the way, so he got lost.

Negative: Not knowing the way, Bob got lost.


III.    Previous action, substitute for předminulý čas


Original: Since Bob had finished his phone calls, he went home.


PC: Having finished his calls, Bob went home.

OR: After finishing his calls, Bob went home.


(OR: Before going home, Bob finished his calls.)




Seeing the current situation, I think we should.

(Colloquial: Seeing as he’s so grumpy, I wouldn’t ask him the question now.)

Considering the weather, I want to stay home.

Regarding the report, he said that…

Knowing what I know now, I realize I have made a mistake.









EXAMPLES:


  * Having heard that Bob collects butterflies, I asked him about it.


  * He sprinkled me with confetti.


  * (Being) drunk too quickly, coffee can give you hiccups.


  * Drinking coffee too quickly, you can get hiccups.


  * Crawling across the road, I saw a snake.
  * I saw a snake crawling across the road.


  * The war being over, he returned home to Prčice.


  * Considering our budget, I think that we should….


  * Seeing how she reacted last time, we should…


  * Hearing the key being turned in the lock, I died of fear. I was scared to death.


  * I prepared some documents for the Sitko Festival. I visited the ruins of Hukvald.


  * Having prepared some documents for Sitko, I (then) visited the ruins.


  * Drinking coffee and Cabernet Moravia, I prepared the documents for Sitko. That’s why it came
out square instead of circular J.